Opinion- Strengthening Human and Social Development in Climate Justice: A Review of COP30- Axis 5

Kathmandu, Dec 4: The COP30 Global Climate Action Agenda outcome report, released on 21 November 2025, represents an important turning point in global climate governance. The conference, which took place in Belém, Brazil, from 1021 November 2025, brought together world leaders, including Nepal’s President Ramchandra Paudel.As the highest decision-making authority under the UNFCCC, the COP convenes all Parties to review how the Convention and other instruments are being implemented, while also making the necessary decisions to ensure effective and efficient execution of climate commitments.During COP30, Parties assessed the progress made under existing climate obligations and introduced more robust frameworks for...